Parathyroid gland is situated on the posterior side of the thyroid gland. They are four in number. Parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone. Parathyroid hormone function to maintain calcium, phosphorous and bone metabolism.

Parathyroid disorder can cause hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypophosphatemia, bone disorders and parathyroid cancer.

Parathyroid disorders are diagnosed by blood testing on PTH, calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin O level, ultrasonography of neck, and sestamibi radionuclide scan.

Parathyroid disorders are generally treated with medication and surgical removal of the gland.